Internal-combustion engine



March 30 1926.-

K. MAYBACH DITERNAL comsusrxou ENGINE Filed lay 5. 1921 9 E \A 4 {l1||1., B m a O L B H a h A 2 A I B H H v 4 B 2 GU i v a 0 H Jn vemor: z

; Patented Mar. 30, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

,KARL MAYBACH, F FRIEDRICHSHAFEN-ON-THE-BODENSEE, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TOTHE FIRM: MAYBACE MOTORENBAU-GESELLSCHAFT MIT IBESCHRKNKTER HAF- TUNG,OF FRIEDRICHSHAFEIN-ON-THE-BODENSEE, GERMANY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed May 5,

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL MAYBACH, a citizen of the German Empire,residing at Friedrichshafen-on-the-Bodensee, Germany,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-CombustionEngines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention refers tointernal combus- 1 tion engines and moreespecially to the way in which the cylinders are arranged, and connectedwith the engine casing.

As is well known, the cylinders of internal combustion engines are as arule arranged -on the crank-casing, being fastened to the said casing bymeans of flanges provided on the lower halves of the cylinders whichlatter thus project above the casing by the greater part of theirlength. This construction is disadvantageous! inasmuch as it results ina comparatively low casing of but very inferior stiffness, moreespecially in the case of multi-cylinder engines. These disadvantagesare particularly noticeable in the case of. cast aluminum casings.Furthermore the= fianges on the cylinders are not easily accessible andshow a tendency to break, even if vmade very strong. It has beenendeavoured lately to accommo- (late the whole of the valve controlwithin the casing in order to obviate the above disadvantages and toobtain a better silencing effect, besides improving lurication. In

some foreign types of motors attempts have been made in this directionby subdividing the cylinder into a body portion and a head portion, thecasing then enclosing the body including the cooling water jacket, whileI the head is fitted on the casing and the body 40 separately, theengine thus obtained presenting a very plain and even outwardappearance. However, this construction involves grave disadvantagesinasmuch as it is very'diflicult to tighten such large surfaces in areliable manner so as to render them leak-proof against the pressureexerted by the combustion gases and the cooling water.

In order to avoid these drawbacks, I ar-- range each cylinder, which ismade in one piece, substantially within the casing which is elongatedupwards to a corresponding extent, practically only that part of thecylinder, which contains the valve cham- 1921. Serial No. 467,193.

bers, projecting from the casing, whereby the cylinders are supported ina very stable manner. The valve control is placed within the crankcasing so that the engine presents a very smooth outer appearance. 'Bothsilencing and lubrication are greatly improved, while the valve gear canbe made easily accessible by means of suitable openings in the casingwall.

In the drawings affixed to this specification and forming part thereof,a' four-cylinder engine embodying my invention is illustrateddiagrammatically by wayof example.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a cross-section, partly in elevation, and Fig.2 is a longitudinal section, with part of the cylinder shown in sideview.

The four cylinders areal-ranged in pairs, each pair forming a singlecasting comprising .the bodies A A A A and the heads B B B, B of thepairs, The -overall height of each cylinder is equal to the height. ofthe body The bodies lncludin the cooling .water jackets (z are enclosedoutside and are supported bythe surface b of the upper portion of thecasing. The cylinders are fixed in positionby means of bolts H disposedbetween the two cylinder castings and at each end, respectively. Thesebolts press the cylinders with their heads against the surface of thecasing D.

The lower ends of the bolts are held in po- 90 sition by the caps J ofthebearings. In the plane'of the upper rim of the casing the bolts areprovided as usual with flanges H allowing the crank shaft G to be placedin the bearings independently of the cylinders which are fitted in lateron. Removing the plus'the height of the head.

entirely within the, casing D, while the beads C are arranged" cylindersfor the purpose of overhauling them is noweifected simply by looseningthe nuts at the cylinder heads, the bolts themselves still .holdintogether the crank shaft bearings and in he casing D are openings Lclosed upwith lids M and rendering thevalvegear easily accessible. E andF are a cover and an oil sump, respectively.

I wish it to .be understood that I do not desire to be limited to theexact details of construction shown and described, for many obviousmodifications will readily occur to a person skilled in the art.

crank case, a cylinder block having an external supporting flangeprojecting thereving above the case. 2. In an mternal I claim: p 1. Inan internal combustion engine 1n combination a crank case and a cyhnderand cylinder head cast in one piece and freely suspended. from the upperedge of said crankcase with the head only projectcombustion engine, acrank'case, a cylinder and cylinder head having laterally extendingsupporting surfaces about the head Rating upon the upper edge of thecrank case whereby to freely sus end the cylinder within said case fromsai supporting surfaces.

' o. In an lnternal combustion engine a from about its upper portion andvseating upon the upper edge of the crank case,

the side walls of the cylinder to form a support for seating upon theupper edge of the crank case and suspending the cylinder within saidcase in spaced relation thereto, a crank shaft bearing at the lowerportion of the crank case, and securing means intermediate the block andshaft bearing. 7

5. In an internal combustion engine, a crank case, a crank shaft bearingat the base thereof, a cylinder block including an, integral cylinderhead having supporting means projecting therefrom from which thecylinder islfreely-suspended Within the case, and tension means passingthrough the block and shaft bearing for holding the block onto thecasing.

6. In an. internal combustion engine, a

crank case, a crank shaft bearing at the base thereof, a bearing captherefor, a cylinder I block including a cylinder and head in one piecehaving supporting means about the upper end of the block for sustainingthe block upon the upper edge of the crank case. tension rods passingthrough the cylinder head, the shaft bearing and cap, and closure meansfor the base of the crank case.

In testimony whereof-I aflix my signature.

KARL MAYBACH.

